RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Antibiotic-dependent relationships between nasal microbiome and secreted proteome in chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.04.26.060764 DO 10.1101/2020.04.26.060764 A1 Yi-Sook Kim A1 Dohyun Han A1 Ji-Hun Mo A1 Yong-Min Kim A1 Dae Woo Kim A1 Hyo-Guen Choi A1 Jong-Wan Park A1 Hyun-Woo Shin YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/04/28/2020.04.26.060764.abstract AB Background Antibiotics are commonly prescribed to treat chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS); however, the effects of antibiotics on the microbiome and secreted proteome remain unknown in regard to CRS.Objective We analyzed the effects of antibiotics on the nasal microbiome and secreted proteome in the context of CRS using multi-omic analysis.Methods Nasal secretions were collected from 29 control, 30 CRS patients without nasal polyps (CRSsNP), and 40 CRS patients with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). A total of 99 subjects were divided into two groups that included subjects who had taken antibiotics 3 months prior to sampling (ABX) and those who had not (NABX). We performed 16S rDNA sequence analyses and Orbitrap mass spectrometry-based proteomic analyses in data-independent acquisition (DIA) on the nasal secretions. Spearman correlation was used to assess the correlations between the nasal microbiome and secreted proteome.Results We observed a strong association between the nasal microbiome and secreted proteome according to disease status. Antibiotic use reduced differences in the microbial community and secreted proteome according to disease status. Interestingly, in nasal polyp (NP) patients, antibiotics exhibited strong effects not only on the nasal microbiome and the secreted proteome but also on their associations. Additionally, their correlations were strengthened in subjects who had taken antibiotics.Conclusion Integrative analyses revealed that the correlations between the microbiome and the secreted proteome could be altered and strengthened in subjects who used antibiotics. These findings provide novel insight into the effects of antibiotics on the nasal environment and the host responses in CRS.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.CRSChronic rhinosinusitis;CRSsNPChronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyp;CRSwNPChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp;ABXthe subjects who had taken antibiotics 3 months before sampling;NABXthe subjects who had not taken antibiotics 3 months before sampling;L-MLund-Mackay;SPTskin prick test;PERMANOVAPermutational multivariate analysis of variance;PCoAprincipal coordinates analysis;LDALinear discriminant analysis;LEfSeLinear discriminant analysis effect size;OTUOperational taxonomic unit;LC-MSLiquid chromatography-mass spectrometry;DIAData-independent acquisition;IPAIngenuity pathway analysis;NPNasal polyp;aSPCadaptive sum of powered correlation