%0 Journal Article %A Chin-Hsuan Lin %A Tim M Tierney %A Niall Holmes %A Elena Boto %A James Leggett %A Sven Bestmann %A Richard Bowtell %A Matthew J Brookes %A R Chris Miall %A Gareth R Barnes %T Using optically-pumped magnetometers to measure magnetoencephalographic signals in the human cerebellum %D 2018 %R 10.1101/425447 %J bioRxiv %P 425447 %X We test the feasibility of an optically pumped magnetometer (OPM)-MEG system for the measurement of human cerebellar activity. We show that the OPM system allows for excellent coverage of this structure by decreasing the average sensor-to-cerebellum distance by around 33% (16mm), compared to a standard MEG helmet. This closer proximity to the cerebellum approximately doubles the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). As a proof of principle, we used an air-puff stimulus to the eyeball in order to elicit cerebellar evoked and induced responses that are well characterized in non-human models. In three subjects, we observed an evoked component at 50ms post stimulus, which originates in the cerebellum (predominantly ipsilateral). This response was followed by a second component at 100ms post stimulus (predominantly contra-lateral). Sensory stimulation also elicited an event-related broadband spectral power change in the ipsilateral cerebellum at ~100ms in all subjects. We conclude that the OPM-MEG technology offers a promising way to advance the understanding of the information processing mechanisms in the human cerebellum. %U https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2018/09/26/425447.full.pdf