PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Xiao Lin AU - Tianqiao Song AU - Sebastian Fairhead AU - Kamil Witek AU - Agathe Jouet AU - Florian Jupe AU - Agnieszka I. Witek AU - Hari S. Karki AU - Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers AU - Ingo Hein AU - Jonathan D. G. Jones TI - Identification of <em>Avramr1</em> from <em>Phytophthora infestans</em> using long read and cDNA pathogen-enrichment sequencing (PenSeq) AID - 10.1101/2020.05.14.095158 DP - 2020 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 2020.05.14.095158 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/05/20/2020.05.14.095158.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/05/20/2020.05.14.095158.full AB - Potato late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora infestans, significantly hampers potato production. Recently, a new Resistance to Phytophthora infestans (Rpi) gene, Rpi-amr1, was cloned from a wild Solanum species, Solanum americanum. Identification of the corresponding recognized effector (Avirulence, or Avr) genes from P. infestans is key to elucidating their naturally occurring sequence variation, which in turn informs the potential durability of the cognate late blight resistance.To identify the P. infestans effector recognized by Rpi-amr1, we screened available effector libraries and used long read and cDNA pathogen-enrichment sequencing (PenSeq) on four P. infestans isolates to explore the untested effectors.By using SMRT and cDNA PenSeq, we identified 47 highly expressed effectors from P. infestans, including PITG_07569 which triggers a highly specific cell death response when transiently co-expressed with Rpi-amr1 in Nicotiana benthamiana, suggesting that PITG_07569 is Avramr1.Here we demonstrate that long read and cDNA PenSeq enables the identification of full-length RxLR effector families, and their expression profile. This study has revealed key insights into the evolution and polymorphism of a complex RxLR effector family that is associated with the recognition by Rpi-amr1.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.