PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Uzay E. Emir
AU  - Jaiyta Sood
AU  - Mark Chiew
AU  - Albert Thomas
AU  - Sean P. Lane
TI  - High-Resolution Metabolic Mapping of the Cerebellum Using a Zoomed Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopic Imaging
AID  - 10.1101/2020.05.20.093393
DP  - 2020 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2020.05.20.093393
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/05/22/2020.05.20.093393.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/05/22/2020.05.20.093393.full
AB  - Purpose The human cerebellum plays an important role in functional activity cerebrum which is ranging from motor to cognitive activities since due to its relaying role between spinal cord and cerebrum. The cerebellum poses many challenges to magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) due to the caudal location, the susceptibility to physiological artifacts and partial volume artifact due to its complex anatomical structure. Thus, in present study, we propose a high-resolution MRSI acquisition scheme for the cerebellum.Methods A zoomed or reduced-field of view (rFOV) metabolite-cycled full-intensity magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) at 3T with a nominal resolution of 62.5 μL was developed. Single-slice rFOV MRSI data were acquired from the cerebellum of 5 healthy subjects with a nominal resolution of 2.5□×□2.5□mm2 in 9□minutes 36. Spectra were quantified with LCModel. A spatially unbiased atlas template of the cerebellum was used for analyzing metabolite distributions in the cerebellum.Results The high quality of the achieved spectra enabled to generate a high-resolution metabolic map of total N-acetylaspartate, total creatine, total choline, glutamate+glutamine and myo-inositol with Cramér-Rao lower bounds below 50%. A spatially unbiased atlas template of the cerebellum-based region of interest (ROIs) analysis resulted in spatially dependent metabolite distributions in 9 ROIs. The group-averaging across subjects in the Montreal Neurological Institute-152 template space allowed to generate a very high-resolution metabolite maps in the cerebellum.Conclusion These findings indicate that very high-resolution metabolite probing of cerebellum is feasible using rFOV or zoomed MRSI at 3T.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.2Dtwo dimensional;ANOVAanalysis of variance;CRLBCramér-Rao lower bound;CRTconcentric ring trajectory;DWdensity weighted;FIDfree induction decay;FOVfield of view;GABAγ-aminobutyric acid;Glnglutamine;Gluglutamate;GPCglycerophosphocholine;GRESHIMgradient-echo shimming;GSHglutathione;HLSVDHankel-Lanczos singular value decomposition;Laclactate;MNIMontreal Neurological Institute;MRSImagnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging;myo-Insmyo-inositol;NAAN-acetylaspartate;NAAGN-acetylaspartylglutamate;PChophosphocholine;PCrphosphocreatine;rFOVreduced field of view;SARspecific absorption rate;SBWspectral bandwidth;SDstandard deviation;semi-LASERsemi-localization by adiabatic selective refocusing;SNRsignal-to-noise ratio;SUITspatially unbiased atlas template;tChototal choline;tCrtotal creatine;VOIvolume of interest