TY - JOUR T1 - Variation in error-based and reward-based human motor learning is related and associated with entorhinal volume JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2020.05.27.119529 SP - 2020.05.27.119529 AU - Anouk J de Brouwer AU - Mohammad R Rashid AU - J Randall Flanagan AU - Jordan Poppenk AU - Jason P Gallivan Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/05/30/2020.05.27.119529.1.abstract N2 - Error-based and reward-based processes are critical for motor learning, and are thought to be supported via distinct neural pathways. However, recent behavioral work in humans suggests that both learning processes are supported by cognitive strategies and that these contribute to individual differences in motor learning ability. While it has been speculated that medial temporal lobe regions may support this strategic component to learning, direct evidence is lacking. Here we first show that faster and more complete learning during error-based visuomotor adaptation is associated with better learning during reward-based shaping of reaching movements. This result suggests that strategic processes, linked to faster and better learning, drive individual differences in both error-based and reward-based motor learning. We then show that right entorhinal cortex volume was larger in good learning individuals, classified across both motor learning tasks, compared to their poorer learning counterparts. This suggests that strategic processes underlying both error- and reward-based learning are linked to neuroanatomical differences in entorhinal cortex.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. ER -