PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Oren Amsalem
AU  - James King
AU  - Michael Reimann
AU  - Srikanth Ramaswamy
AU  - Eilif Muller
AU  - Henry Markram
AU  - Israel Nelken
AU  - Idan Segev
TI  - Dense Computer Replica of Cortical Microcircuits Unravels Cellular Underpinnings of Auditory Surprise Response
AID  - 10.1101/2020.05.31.126466
DP  - 2020 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2020.05.31.126466
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/01/2020.05.31.126466.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/01/2020.05.31.126466.full
AB  - The nervous system is notorious for its strong response evoked by a surprising sensory input, but the biophysical and anatomical underpinnings of this phenomenon are only partially understood. Here we utilized in-silico experiments of a biologically-detailed model of a neocortical microcircuit to study stimulus specific adaptation (SSA) in the auditory cortex, whereby the neuronal response adapts significantly for a repeated (“expected”) tone but not for a rare (“surprise”) tone. SSA experiments were mimicked by stimulating tonotopically-mapped thalamo-cortical afferents projecting to the microcircuit; the activity of these afferents was modeled based on our in-vivo recordings from individual thalamic neurons. The modeled microcircuit expressed naturally many experimentally-observed properties of SSA, suggesting that SSA is a general property of neocortical microcircuits. By systematically modulating circuit parameters, we found that key features of SSA depended on synergistic effects of synaptic depression, spike frequency adaptation and recurrent network connectivity. The relative contribution of each of these mechanisms in shaping SSA was explored, additional SSA-related experimental results were explained and new experiments for further studying SSA were suggested.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.