PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Jansen, Rick AU - Verhoeven, Josine AU - Han, Laura KM AU - Aberg, Karolina A AU - van den Oord, Edwin CGJ AU - Milaneschi, Yuri AU - Penninx, Brenda WJH TI - An integrative study of five biological clocks in somatic and mental health AID - 10.1101/2020.06.11.146498 DP - 2020 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 2020.06.11.146498 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/12/2020.06.11.146498.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/12/2020.06.11.146498.full AB - Biological clocks have been developed at different molecular levels and were found to be more advanced in the presence of somatic illnesses and mental disorders. However, it is unclear whether different biological clocks reflect similar aging processes and determinants. In ~3000 subjects, we examined whether 5 biological clocks (telomere length, epigenetic, transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic clocks) were interrelated and associated to somatic and mental health determinants. Correlations between biological clocks were small (all r<0.2), indicating little overlap. The most consistent associations with the advanced biological clocks were found for male sex, higher BMI, metabolic syndrome, smoking and depression. As compared to the individual clocks, a composite index of all five clocks showed most pronounced associations with health determinants. The large effect sizes of the composite index and the low correlation between biological clocks, indicate that one’s biological age is best reflected by combining aging measures from multiple cellular levels.