RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Biosystematic Studies on the Status of Solanum chilense (Dunal) Reiche JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.06.14.151423 DO 10.1101/2020.06.14.151423 A1 Andrew R. Raduski A1 Boris Igić YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/15/2020.06.14.151423.abstract AB Members of Solanum sect. Lycopersicum are commonly used as a source of exotic germplasm for improvement of the cultivated tomato, and are increasingly employed in basic research. Although it experienced significant early and ongoing work, the taxonomic status of many wild species in this section has undergone a number of significant revisions, and remains uncertain.Here, we examine the taxonomic status of obligately outcrossing Chilean wild tomato (Solanum chilense) using reduced-representation sequencing (RAD-seq), a range of phylogenetic and population genetic analyses, crossing data, and morphological data.Overall, each of our analyses provides some weight of evidence that the Pacific coastal populations and Andean inland populations of the currently described S. chilense represent separately evolving populations.Despite its vast economic importance, Solanum sect. Lycopersicon still exhibits considerable taxonomic instability. A pattern of under-recognition of outcrossing species may be common across flowering plants. We discuss the possible causes and implications of this observation, with a focus on macroevolutionary inference.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.