TY - JOUR T1 - Chromatin potential identified by shared single cell profiling of RNA and chromatin JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2020.06.17.156943 SP - 2020.06.17.156943 AU - Sai Ma AU - Bing Zhang AU - Lindsay LaFave AU - Zachary Chiang AU - Yan Hu AU - Jiarui Ding AU - Alison Brack AU - Vinay K. Kartha AU - Travis Law AU - Caleb Lareau AU - Ya-Chieh Hsu AU - Aviv Regev AU - Jason D. Buenrostro Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/18/2020.06.17.156943.abstract N2 - Cell differentiation and function are regulated across multiple layers of gene regulation, including the modulation of gene expression by changes in chromatin accessibility. However, differentiation is an asynchronous process precluding a temporal understanding of the regulatory events leading to cell fate commitment. Here, we developed SHARE-seq, a highly scalable approach for measurement of chromatin accessibility and gene expression within the same single cell. Using 34,774 joint profiles from mouse skin, we develop a computational strategy to identify cis-regulatory interactions and define Domains of Regulatory Chromatin (DORCs), which significantly overlap with super-enhancers. We show that during lineage commitment, chromatin accessibility at DORCs precedes gene expression, suggesting changes in chromatin accessibility may prime cells for lineage commitment. We therefore develop a computational strategy (chromatin potential) to quantify chromatin lineage-priming and predict cell fate outcomes. Together, SHARE-seq provides an extensible platform to study regulatory circuitry across diverse cells within tissues.Competing Interest StatementA.R. is a founder of and equity holder in Celsius therapeutics, an equity holder in Immunitas, and an SAB member of ThermoFisher Scientific, Syros Pharmaceutical, Asimov, and Neogene Therapeutics. J.D.B. holds patents related to ATAC-seq and is an SAB member of Camp4. J.D.B., A.R., S.M. submitted a provisional patent application based on this work. ER -