RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 CD209L/L-SIGN and CD209/DC-SIGN act as receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and are differentially expressed in lung and kidney epithelial and endothelial cells
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.06.22.165803
DO 10.1101/2020.06.22.165803
A1 Razie Amraie
A1 Marc A. Napoleon
A1 Wenqing Yin
A1 Jacob Berrigan
A1 Ellen Suder
A1 Grace Zhao
A1 Judith Olejnik
A1 Suryaram Gummuluru
A1 Elke Muhlberger
A1 Vipul Chitalia
A1 Nader Rahimi
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/23/2020.06.22.165803.abstract
AB The spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 mediates entry into human cells by interacting with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) through its receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here, we report identification of CD209L/L-SIGN and a related protein, CD209/DSIGN as alternative receptors capable of mediating SARS-CoV-2 entry into human cells. Immunofluorescence staining of human tissues revealed a prominent expression of CD209L in the lung and kidney epithelial and endothelial cells of small and medium-sized vessels, whereas CD209 was detected only in a limited number of cell types. Biochemical assays revealed that ectopically expressed CD209L and CD209 bind to S-RBD and mediate SARS-CoV-2 S-pseudotyped virus entry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that human endothelial cells endogenously express CD209L and are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Soluble CD209L-Fc neutralized virus entry. Our observations show that CD209L and CD209 serve as alternative receptors for SARS-CoV-2 in disease-relevant cell types, including the vascular system. This may have implications for antiviral drug development.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.