RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 3-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Freely Moving Human Eye
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.06.26.172791
DO 10.1101/2020.06.26.172791
A1 Benedetta Franceschiello
A1 Lorenzo Di Sopra
A1 Astrid Minier
A1 Silvio Ionta
A1 David Zeugin
A1 Michael P. Notter
A1 Jessica A.M. Bastiaansen
A1 João Jorge
A1 Jérôme Yerly
A1 Matthias Stuber
A1 Micah M. Murray
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/06/28/2020.06.26.172791.abstract
AB Abstract Eye motion is a major confound for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in neuroscience or ophthalmology. Currently, solutions toward eye stabilisation include participants fixating or administration of paralytics/anaesthetics. We developed a novel MRI protocol for acquiring 3-dimensional images while the eye freely moves. Eye motion serves as the basis for image reconstruction, rather than an impediment. We fully reconstruct videos of the moving eye and head. We quantitatively validate data quality with millimetre resolution in two ways for individual participants. First, eye position based on reconstructed images correlated with simultaneous eye-tracking. Second, the reconstructed images preserve anatomical properties; the eye’s axial length measured from MRI images matched that obtained with ocular biometry. The technique operates on a standard clinical setup, without necessitating specialized hardware, facilitating wide deployment. In clinical practice, we anticipate that this may help reduce burden on both patients and infrastructure, by integrating multiple varieties of assessments into a single comprehensive session. More generally, our protocol is a harbinger for removing the necessity of fixation, thereby opening new opportunities for ethologically-valid, naturalistic paradigms, the inclusion of populations typically unable to stably fixate, and increased translational research such as in awake animals whose eye movements constitute an accessible behavioural readout.Author contributions B.F., L.D.S., M.S., and M.M.M. conceptualised the problem. B.F. and L.D.S. developed, implemented, and tested the protocol. A.M. provided optometry assessments and assisted with eye movement analysis. S.I., D.Z., and M.P.N. assisted with installation of the eye-tracking system within the MRI scanner. J.A.M.B., J.J. and J.Y. contributed with the MRI sequences and compressed sensing framework. B.F., L.D.S. and M.M.M. drafted the manuscript, and all authors contributed to internal review.Competing interests B.F., L.D.S., J.A.M.B., J.Y., M.S., and M.M.M. declare the following competing financial interest: a patent application for the protocol described in this manuscript has been filed (patent application: EP19160832). A.M., S.I., D.Z., M.P.N. and J.J. declare no competing financial interests.Competing Interest StatementB.F., L.D.S., J.A.M.B., J.Y., M.S., and M.M.M. declare the following competing financial interest: a patent application for the protocol described in this manuscript has been filed (patent application: EP19160832). A.M., S.I., D.Z., M.P.N. and J.J. declare no competing financial interests.