TY - JOUR T1 - The HLA Ligand Atlas - A resource of natural HLA ligands presented on benign tissues JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/778944 SP - 778944 AU - Ana Marcu AU - Leon Bichmann AU - Leon Kuchenbecker AU - Daniel Johannes Kowalewski AU - Lena Katharina Freudenmann AU - Linus Backert AU - Lena Mühlenbruch AU - András Szolek AU - Maren Lübke AU - Philipp Wagner AU - Tobias Engler AU - Sabine Matovina AU - Jian Wang AU - Mathias Hauri-Hohl AU - Roland Martin AU - Konstantina Kapolou AU - Juliane Sarah Walz AU - Julia Velz AU - Holger Moch AU - Luca Regli AU - Manuela Silginer AU - Michael Weller AU - Markus W. Löffler AU - Florian Erhard AU - Andreas Schlosser AU - Oliver Kohlbacher AU - Stefan Stevanović AU - Hans-Georg Rammensee AU - Marian Christoph Neidert Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/07/09/778944.abstract N2 - The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex controls adaptive immunity by presenting defined fractions of the intracellular and extracellular protein content to immune cells. Here, we describe the HLA Ligand Atlas, an extensive collection of mostly matched HLA-I and -II ligandomes from 225 benign samples (29 tissues, 21 subjects). The initial release covers 51 HLA-I and 86 HLA-II allotypes presenting 89,853 HLA-I- and 140,861 HLA-II ligands. We observe that the immunopeptidomes differ considerably between tissues and individuals on both source protein and HLA-ligand level. 1,407 HLA-I ligands stem from non-canonical genomic regions. We highlight the importance of comparatively analyzing both benign and malignant tissues to inform tumor association, based on a case study in three glioblastoma patients. The resource provides insights into applied and basic immune-associated questions in the context of cancer immunotherapy, infection, transplantation, allergy, and autoimmunity. It is publicly available at www.hla-ligand-atlas.org.Competing Interest StatementLinus Backert, Daniel Johannes Kowalewski, Maren Lübke are employees of Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH. Linus Backert, Daniel J. Kowalewski, Markus W. Löffler, and Stefan Stevanović are inventors of patents owned by Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH. Markus W. Löffler has acted as a paid consultant in cancer immunology for Boehringer Ingehlheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG. Hans-Georg Rammensee is shareholder of Immatics Biotechnologies GmbH and Curevac AG. ER -