RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A high-quality de novo genome assembly from a single parasitoid wasp JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.07.13.200725 DO 10.1101/2020.07.13.200725 A1 Xinhai Ye A1 Yi Yang A1 Zhaoyang Tian A1 Le Xu A1 Kaili Yu A1 Shan Xiao A1 Chuanlin Yin A1 Shijiao Xiong A1 Qi Fang A1 Hu Chen A1 Fei Li A1 Gongyin Ye YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/07/14/2020.07.13.200725.abstract AB Sequencing and assembling a genome with a single individual have several advantages, such as lower heterozygosity and easier sample preparation. However, the amount of genomic DNA of some small sized organisms might not meet the standard DNA input requirement for current sequencing pipelines. Although few studies sequenced a single small insect with about 100 ng DNA as input, it may still be challenging for many small organisms to obtain such amount of DNA from a single individual. Here, we use 20 ng DNA as input, and present a high-quality genome assembly for a single haploid male parasitoid wasp (Habrobracon hebetor) using Nanopore and Illumina. Because of the low input DNA, a whole genome amplification (WGA) method is used before sequencing. The assembled genome size is 131.6 Mb with a contig N50 of 1.63 Mb. A total of 99% Benchmarking Universal Single-Copy Orthologs are detected, suggesting the high level of completeness of the genome assembly. Genome comparison between H. hebetor and its relative Bracon brevicornis shows a high-level genome synteny, indicating the genome of H. hebetor is highly accurate and contiguous. Our study provides an example for de novo assembling a genome from ultra-low input DNA, and will be used for sequencing projects of small sized species and rare samples, haploid genomics as well as population genetics of small sized species.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.