RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Peramivir, an anti-influenza virus drug, exhibits potential anti-cytokine storm effects JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.07.13.201806 DO 10.1101/2020.07.13.201806 A1 Chen-xi Zhang A1 Ye Tu A1 De-pei Kong A1 Yinghua Li A1 Da-gui Chen A1 Wan-nian Zhang A1 Li Su A1 Chun-lin Zhuang A1 Zhi-bin Wang YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/07/15/2020.07.13.201806.abstract AB Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus −2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been declared a public health emergency of international concerns. Cytokine storm syndrome (CSS) is a critical clinical symptom of severe COVID-19 patients, and the macrophage is recognized as the direct host cell of SARS-CoV-2 and potential drivers of CSS. In the present study, peramivir was identified to reduce TNF-α by partly intervention of NF-κB activity in LPS-induced macrophage model. In vivo, peramivir reduced the multi-cytokines in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), alleviated the acute lung injury and prolonged the survival time in mice. In human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs), peramivir could also inhibit the release of TNF-α. Collectively, we proposed that peramivir might be a candidate for the treatment of COVID-19 and other infections related CSS.