PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Chun Wang
AU  - Qing Liu
AU  - Yi Shen
AU  - Yufeng Hua
AU  - Junjie Wang
AU  - Jianrong Lin
AU  - Mingguo Wu
AU  - Tingting Sun
AU  - Zhukuan Cheng
AU  - Raphael Mercier
AU  - Kejian Wang
TI  - Clonal seeds in hybrid rice using CRISPR/Cas9
AID  - 10.1101/496042
DP  - 2018 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 496042
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/12/13/496042.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2018/12/13/496042.full
AB  - Heterosis, the observation that first generation hybrids outcompete the parental lines, is widely used in increasing the productivity and yield of agricultural crops1,2. However, heterosis is lost in the following generations because of genetic segregation. In addition, the high cost of hybrid seed production hinders the application of heterosis in many crops. Clonal reproduction through seeds could be revolutionary for agriculture by allowing self-propagation of F1 hybrids3,4. Here we show that heterozygosity of F1 hybrid rice can be fixed and thus propagated without additional crossing. First, we showed that multiplex editing of three key meiotic genes5,6 in hybrid rice leads to the production of clonal diploid gametes and tetraploid seeds. Next, editing of the MATRILINEAL (MTL) gene that involved in fertilization7,8 results in the induction of haploid seeds in hybrid rice. By simultaneous editing of these four endogenous genes in hybrid rice using the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we obtained in one generation plants able to propagate clonally through seeds. This opens the possibility to fix heterozygosity of hybrid varieties in food crops.