RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Antibiotics and the developing intestinal microbiome, metabolome and inflammatory environment: a randomized trial of preterm infants
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.04.20.052142
DO 10.1101/2020.04.20.052142
A1 Jordan T. Russell
A1 J. Lauren Ruoss
A1 Diomel de la Cruz
A1 Nan Li
A1 Catalina Bazacliu
A1 Laura Patton
A1 Kelley Lobean McKinley
A1 Timothy J. Garrett
A1 Richard A. Polin
A1 Eric W. Triplett
A1 Josef Neu
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/09/03/2020.04.20.052142.abstract
AB Antibiotic use in neonates can have detrimental effects on the developing gut microbiome, increasing the risk of morbidity. A majority of preterm neonates receive antibiotics after birth without clear evidence to guide this practice. Here microbiome, metabolomic, and immune marker results from the Routine Early Antibiotic use in SymptOmatic preterm Neonates (REASON) study are presented. The REASON study is the first trial to randomize symptomatic preterm neonates to receive or not receive antibiotics in the first 48 hours after birth. Using 16S rRNA sequencing of stool samples collected longitudinally for 91 neonates, the effect of such antibiotic use on microbiome diversity is assessed. The results illustrate that type of nutrition shapes the early infant gut microbiome. By integrating data for the gut microbiome, stool metabolites, stool immune markers, and inferred metabolic pathways, an association was discovered between Veillonella and the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). These results suggest early antibiotic use may impact the gut-brain axis with the potential for consequences in early life development, a finding that needs to be validated in a larger cohort.Competing Interest StatementDr. Josef Neu is the principal investigator of a study with Infant Bacterial Therapeutics and on the Scientific Advisory Boards of Medela and Astarte. No other authors have conflicts of interest to disclose.