TY - JOUR T1 - A keeper of many crypts: the parasitoid <em>Euderus set</em> manipulates the behavior of a taxonomically diverse array of oak gall wasp species JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/516104 SP - 516104 AU - Anna K. G. Ward AU - Omar S. Khodor AU - Scott P. Egan AU - Kelly L. Weinersmith AU - Andrew A. Forbes Y1 - 2019/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/01/09/516104.abstract N2 - Parasites of animals and plants can encounter trade-offs between their specificity to any single host and their fitness on alternative hosts. For parasites that manipulate their host’s behavior, the complexity of that manipulation may further limit the parasite’s host species range. The recently described crypt-keeper wasp, Euderus set, changes the behavior of the gall wasp Bassettia pallida such that B. pallida chews an incomplete exit hole in the side of its larval chamber and “plugs” that hole with its head. E. set benefits from this head plug, as it facilitates the escape of the parasitoid from the crypt after it completes development. Here, we ask whether this behavioral manipulator is limited to Bassettia hosts. We find that E. set attacks and manipulates the behavior of at least six additional gall wasp species, and that these hosts are taxonomically diverse. Interestingly, each of E. set’s hosts has converged upon similarities in the extended phenotypes they induce in their plant hosts: the galls they induce on oaks share characters that may make them vulnerable to attack by E. set. Behavioral manipulation in this parasitoid system may be less important to its host range than other dimensions of the host-parasitoid interaction, like the host’s physical defenses. ER -