RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Cingulo-Opercular Control Network Supports Disused Motor Circuits in Standby Mode
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.09.03.275479
DO 10.1101/2020.09.03.275479
A1 Dillan J. Newbold
A1 Evan M. Gordon
A1 Timothy O. Laumann
A1 Nicole A. Seider
A1 David F. Montez
A1 Sarah J. Gross
A1 Annie Zheng
A1 Ashley N. Nielsen
A1 Catherine R. Hoyt
A1 Jacqueline M. Hampton
A1 Mario Ortega
A1 Babatunde Adeyemo
A1 Derek B. Miller
A1 Andrew N. Van
A1 Scott Marek
A1 Bradley L. Schlaggar
A1 Alexandre R. Carter
A1 Benjamin P. Kay
A1 Deanna J. Greene
A1 Marcus E. Raichle
A1 Steven E. Petersen
A1 Abraham Z. Snyder
A1 Nico U.F. Dosenbach
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/09/11/2020.09.03.275479.abstract
AB Whole-brain resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) during two weeks of limb constraint revealed that disused motor regions became more strongly connected to the cingulo-opercular network (CON), an executive control network that includes regions of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and insula (1). Disuse-driven increases in functional connectivity (FC) were specific to the CON and somatomotor networks and did not involve any other networks, such as the salience, frontoparietal, or default mode networks. Censoring and modeling analyses showed that FC increases during casting were mediated by large, spontaneous activity pulses that appeared in the disused motor regions and CON control regions. During limb constraint, disused motor circuits appear to enter a standby mode characterized by spontaneous activity pulses and strengthened connectivity to CON executive control regions.Significance Many studies have examined plasticity in the primary somatosensory and motor cortex during disuse, but little is known about how disuse impacts the brain outside of primary cortical areas. We leveraged the whole-brain coverage of resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to discover that disuse drives plasticity of distant executive control regions in the cingulo-opercular network (CON). Two complementary analyses, pulse censoring and pulse addition, demonstrated that increased functional connectivity between the CON and disused motor regions was driven by large, spontaneous pulses of activity in the CON and disused motor regions. These results point to a previously unknown role for the CON in supporting motor plasticity and reveal spontaneous activity pulses as a novel mechanism for reorganizing the brain’s functional connections.Competing Interest StatementThe authors declare the following competing financial interest: N.U.F.D. is co-founder of NOUS Imaging.