RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Polycomb represses a gene network controlling puberty via modulation of histone demethylase Kdm6b expression JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.09.14.297135 DO 10.1101/2020.09.14.297135 A1 Hollis Wright A1 Carlos F. Aylwin A1 Carlos A. Toro A1 Sergio R. Ojeda A1 Alejandro Lomniczi YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/09/14/2020.09.14.297135.abstract AB Female puberty is subject to Polycomb Group (PcG)-dependent transcriptional repression. Kiss1, a puberty-activating gene, is a key target of this silencing mechanism. Using a gain-of-function approach and a systems biology strategy we now show that EED, an essential PcG component, acts in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to alter the functional organization of a gene network involved in the stimulatory control of puberty. A central node of this network is Kdm6b, which encodes an enzyme that erases the PcG-dependent histone modification H3K27me3. Kiss1 is a first neighbor in the network; genes encoding glutamatergic receptors and potassium channels are second neighbors. By repressing Kdm6b expression, EED increases H3K27me3 abundance at these gene promoters, reducing gene expression throughout a gene network controlling puberty activation. These results indicate that Kdm6b repression is a basic mechanism used by PcG to modulate the biological output of puberty-activating gene networks.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.