TY - JOUR T1 - Microscopy-based chromosome conformation capture enables simultaneous visualization of genome organization and transcription in intact organisms JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/434266 SP - 434266 AU - Andres M Cardozo Gizzi AU - Diego I. Cattoni AU - Jean-Bernard Fiche AU - Sergio Espinola AU - Julian Gurgo AU - Olivier Messina AU - Christophe Houbron AU - Yuki Ogiyama AU - Giorgio-Lucio Papadopoulos AU - Giacomo Cavalli AU - Mounia Lagha AU - Marcelo Nollmann Y1 - 2019/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/01/21/434266.abstract N2 - Eukaryotic chromosomes are organized in multiple scales, from nucleosomes to chromosome territories. Recently, genome-wide methods identified an intermediate level of chromosome organization, topologically associating domains (TADs), that play key roles in transcriptional regulation. However, these methods cannot directly examine the interplay between transcriptional activation and chromosome architecture while maintaining spatial information. Here, we present a multiplexed, sequential imaging approach (Hi-M) that permits the simultaneous detection of chromosome organization and transcription in single nuclei. This allowed us to unveil the changes in 3D chromatin organization occurring upon transcriptional activation and homologous chromosome un-pairing during the awakening of the zygotic genome in intact Drosophila embryos. Excitingly, the ability of Hi-M to explore the multi-scale chromosome architecture with spatial resolution at different stages of development or during the cell cycle will be key to understand the mechanisms and consequences of the 4D organization of the genome. ER -