RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Phenology and flowering overlap drive specialization in pollinator networks
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.09.08.287946
DO 10.1101/2020.09.08.287946
A1 Paul Glaum
A1 Thomas J. Wood
A1 Jonathan R. Morris
A1 Fernanda S. Valdovinos
YR 2020
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/09/28/2020.09.08.287946.abstract
AB Variation in diet breadth and specialization stems from fundamental interactions species have with their environment1-3. Consequently, understanding the drivers of this variation is key to understanding ecological and evolutionary processes, and will facilitate the development of predictive tools as ecological networks respond to environmental change4,5. Diet breadth in wild bees has been an area of focus due to both their close mutualistic dependence on plants, and because both groups are under threat from global biodiversity loss6. Though many of the principles governing specialization for pollinators have been identified7,8, they remain largely unvalidated. Using mechanistic models of adaptive foraging in pollinators9,10, we show that while temporal resource overlap has little impact on specialization in pollinators with extended flight periods, reduced overlap increases specialization as pollinator flight periods decrease. These results are corroborated empirically using pollen load data taken from bees with shorter (genus Andrena) and longer (genus Lasioglossum) flight periods across environments with both high and low temporal resource overlap. This approach reveals how interacting phenologies structure plant-pollinator networks and drive pollinator diet breadth via the temporal overlap of floral resources.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.