TY - JOUR T1 - A structure-function substrate of memory for spatial configurations in medial and lateral temporal cortices JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2020.10.14.338947 SP - 2020.10.14.338947 AU - Shahin Tavakol AU - Qiongling Li AU - Jessica Royer AU - Reinder Vos de Wael AU - Sara Larivière AU - Alex Lowe AU - Casey Paquola AU - Elizabeth Jefferies AU - Tom Hartley AU - Andrea Bernasconi AU - Neda Bernasconi AU - Jonathan Smallwood AU - Veronique Bohbot AU - Lorenzo Caciagli AU - Boris Bernhardt Y1 - 2020/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/10/15/2020.10.14.338947.abstract N2 - Prior research has shown that structures of the mesiotemporal lobe, particularly the hippocampal-parahippocampal complex, are engaged in different forms of spatial cognition. Here, we developed a new paradigm, the Conformational Shift Spatial task (CSST), which examines the ability to encode and retrieve spatial relations between three unrelated items. This task is short, uses symbolic cues, and incorporates two difficulty levels and can be administered inside and outside the scanner. A cohort of 48 healthy young adults underwent the CSST, together with a set of validated behavioral measures and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Interindividual differences in CSST performance correlated with scores on an established spatial memory paradigm, but neither with episodic memory nor pattern separation performance, highlighting the specificity of the new measure. Analyzing high resolution structural MRI data, individuals with better spatial memory showed thicker medial as well as lateral temporal cortices. Functional relevance of these findings was supported by task-based functional MRI analysis in the same participants and ad hoc meta-analysis. Exploratory resting-state functional MRI analyses centered on clusters of morphological effects revealed additional modulation of intrinsic network integration, particularly between lateral and medial temporal structures. Our work presents a novel spatial memory paradigm and supports an integrated structure-function substrate in the human temporal lobe. Task paradigms are programmed in python and made open access.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. ER -