RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Oligogenic effects of 16p11.2 copy number variation on craniofacial development
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 540732
DO 10.1101/540732
A1 Yuqi Qiu
A1 Thomas Arbogast
A1 Sandra Martin Lorenzo
A1 Honying Li
A1 Shih C. Tang
A1 Ellen Richardson
A1 Oanh Hong
A1 Shawn Cho
A1 Omar Shanta
A1 Timothy Pang
A1 Christina Corsello
A1 Curtis K. Deutsch
A1 Claire Chevalier
A1 Erica E. Davis
A1 Lilia M. Iakoucheva
A1 Yann Herault
A1 Nicholas Katsanis
A1 Karen Messer
A1 Jonathan Sebat
YR 2019
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/02/05/540732.abstract
AB A copy number variant (CNV) of 16p11.2, which encompasses 30 genes, is associated with developmental and psychiatric disorders, head size and body mass. The genetic mechanisms that underlie these associations are not understood. To elucidate the effects of genes on development, we exploited the quantitative effects of CNV on craniofacial structure in humans and model organisms. We show that reciprocal deletion and duplication of 16p11.2 have characteristic “mirror” effects on craniofacial features that are conserved in human, rat and mouse. By testing gene dosage effects on the shape of the mandible in zebrafish, we show that the distribution of effects for all individual genes is consistent with that of the CNV, and some combinations have non-additive effects. Our results suggest that, at minimum, one third of genes within the 16p11.2 region influence craniofacial development, and the facial gestalt of each CNV represents a product of 30 dosage effects.HighlightsReciprocal CNVs of 16p11.2 have mirror effects on craniofacial structure. Copy number is associated with a positive effect on nasal and mandibular regions and a negative effect on frontal regions of the face.Effects of CNV on craniofacial development in human are well conserved in rat and mouse models of 16p11.2 deletion and duplication.7/30 genes each independently have significant effects on the shape of the mandible in zebrafish; these include SPN, C16orf54, SEZ6L2, ASPHD1, TAOK2, INO80E and FAM57B. Others (MAPK3, MVP, KCTD13) have detectable effects only in combination.Overexpression of 30 genes individually showed a distribution of effects that was skewed in the same direction as that of the full duplication, suggesting that specific facial features represent the net of all individual effects combined.