PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Dan, Jennifer M.
AU  - Mateus, Jose
AU  - Kato, Yu
AU  - Hastie, Kathryn M.
AU  - Faliti, Caterina E.
AU  - Ramirez, Sydney I.
AU  - Frazier, April
AU  - Yu, Esther Dawen
AU  - Grifoni, Alba
AU  - Rawlings, Stephen A.
AU  - Peters, Bjoern
AU  - Krammer, Florian
AU  - Simon, Viviana
AU  - Saphire, Erica Ollmann
AU  - Smith, Davey M.
AU  - Weiskopf, Daniela
AU  - Sette, Alessandro
AU  - Crotty, Shane
TI  - Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for greater than six months after infection
AID  - 10.1101/2020.11.15.383323
DP  - 2020 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2020.11.15.383323
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/11/16/2020.11.15.383323.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/11/16/2020.11.15.383323.full
AB  - Understanding immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines, and for assessing the likely future course of the pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 185 COVID-19 cases, including 41 cases at ≥6 months post-infection. Spike IgG was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells declined with a half-life of 3-5 months. By studying antibody, memory B cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 in an integrated manner, we observed that each component of SARS-CoV-2 immune memory exhibited distinct kinetics.Competing Interest StatementA.S. is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Merck, Epitogenesis, Gilead and Avalia. S.C. is a consultant for Avalia. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. Mount Sinai has licensed serological assays to commercial entities and has filed for patent protection for serological assays. D.S., F.A., V.S. and F.K. are listed as inventors on the pending patent application (F.K., V.S.), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that name F.K. as inventor. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.