RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A Streptomyces venezuelae Cell-Free Toolkit for Synthetic Biology JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.11.16.384693 DO 10.1101/2020.11.16.384693 A1 Simon J Moore A1 Hung-En Lai A1 Soo-Mei Chee A1 Ming Toh A1 Seth Coode A1 Patrick Capel A1 Christophe Corre A1 Emmanuel LC de los Santos A1 Paul S Freemont YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/11/17/2020.11.16.384693.abstract AB Prokaryotic cell-free coupled transcription-translation (TX-TL) systems are emerging as a powerful tool to examine natural product biosynthetic pathways in a test-tube. The key advantages of this approach are the reduced experimental timescales and controlled reaction conditions. In order to realise this potential, specialised cell-free systems in organisms enriched for biosynthetic gene clusters, with strong protein production and well-characterised synthetic biology tools, is essential. The Streptomyces genus is a major source of natural products. To study enzymes and pathways from Streptomyces, we originally developed a homologous Streptomyces cell-free system to provide a native protein folding environment, a high G+C (%) tRNA pool and an active background metabolism. However, our initial yields were low (36 μg/mL) and showed a high level of batch-to-batch variation. Here, we present an updated high-yield and robust Streptomyces TX-TL protocol, reaching up to yields of 266 μg/mL of expressed recombinant protein. To complement this, we rapidly characterise a range of DNA parts with different reporters, express high G+C (%) biosynthetic genes and demonstrate an initial proof of concept for combined transcription, translation and biosynthesis of Streptomyces metabolic pathways in a single ‘one-pot’ reaction.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.