RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Citrullination of proteins as a specific response mechanism in plants JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.09.12.294728 DO 10.1101/2020.09.12.294728 A1 Claudius Marondedze A1 Giuliano Elia A1 Ludivine Thomas A1 Aloysius Wong A1 Chris Gehring YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/11/21/2020.09.12.294728.abstract AB Arginine deamination, also referred to as citrullination of proteins by peptidyl-arginine deiminases, is a post-translational modification affecting histone modifications, epigenetic transcriptional regulation and proteolysis in animals, but has not been reported in higher plants. Here we report, firstly, that Arabidopsis thaliana proteome contains proteins with a specific citrullination signature and that many of the citrullinated proteins have nucleotide-binding regulatory functions. Secondly, we show that changes in the citrullinome occur in response to cold stress, and thirdly, we identify an Arabidopsis thaliana protein with calcium-dependent arginine deiminase activity. Taken together, these findings establish this post-translational modification as a hitherto neglected component of cellular reprogramming during stress responses.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.