RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 A mechanism for hippocampal memory recall based on excitatory-inhibitory fluctuations in neocortex JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2020.11.27.401299 DO 10.1101/2020.11.27.401299 A1 Renée S. Koolschijn A1 Anna Shpektor A1 I. Betina Ip A1 William T. Clarke A1 David Dupret A1 Uzay E. Emir A1 Helen C. Barron YR 2020 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/11/27/2020.11.27.401299.abstract AB The brain has a remarkable capacity to acquire and store memories that can later be selectively recalled. These processes are supported by the hippocampus which is thought to index memory recall by reinstating information stored across distributed neocortical circuits. However, the mechanism that supports this interaction remains unclear. Here, in humans, we show that recall of a visual cue from a paired associate is accompanied by a transient increase in the ratio between glutamate and GABA in visual cortex. Moreover, these excitatory-inhibitory fluctuations are predicted by activity in the hippocampus. These data suggest the hippocampus gates memory recall by indexing information stored across neocortical circuits using a disinhibitory mechanism.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.