PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Kun-Han Lu
AU  - Zhongming Liu
AU  - Deborah Jaffey
AU  - John Wo
AU  - Kristine Mosier
AU  - Jiayue Cao
AU  - Xiaokai Wang
AU  - Terry L Powley
TI  - Automatic Assessment of Human Gastric Motility and Emptying from Dynamic 3D Magnetic Resonance Imaging
AID  - 10.1101/2020.12.11.421743
DP  - 2020 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2020.12.11.421743
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/11/2020.12.11.421743.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/11/2020.12.11.421743.full
AB  - Background Time-sequenced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the stomach is an emerging technique for non-invasive assessment of gastric emptying and motility. However, an automated and systematic image processing pipeline for analyzing dynamic 3D (i.e., 4D) gastric MRI data is not yet available. This study introduces an MRI protocol for imaging the stomach with high spatiotemporal isotropic resolution and provides an integrated pipeline for assessing gastric emptying and motility simultaneously.Methods Diet contrast-enhanced MRI images were acquired from seventeen healthy humans after they consumed a naturalistic contrast meal. An automated image processing pipeline was developed to correct for respiratory motion, to segment and compartmentalize the lumen-enhanced stomach, to quantify total gastric and compartmental emptying, and to compute and visualize gastric motility on the surface of the stomach.Key Results The gastric segmentation reached an accuracy of 91.10±0.43% with the Type-I error and Type-II error being 0.11±0.01% and 0.22±0.01%, respectively. Gastric volume decreased 34.64±2.8% over 1 hour where the emptying followed a linear-exponential pattern. The gastric motility showed peristaltic patterns with a median = 4 wave-fronts (range 3 - 6) and a mean frequency of 3.09±0.07 cycles per minute (CPM). Further, the contractile amplitude was stronger in the antrum than in the corpus (antrum vs. corpus: 5.18±0.24 vs. 3.30±0.16 mm; p < .001).Conclusions & Inferences The automated, streamlined software can process dynamic 3D MRI images and produce comprehensive and personalized profiles of gastric motility and emptying. This software will facilitate the application of MRI for monitoring gastric dynamics in research and clinical settings.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.