PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Jennifer M. Dan
AU  - Jose Mateus
AU  - Yu Kato
AU  - Kathryn M. Hastie
AU  - Esther Dawen Yu
AU  - Caterina E. Faliti
AU  - Alba Grifoni
AU  - Sydney I. Ramirez
AU  - Sonya Haupt
AU  - April Frazier
AU  - Catherine Nakao
AU  - Vamseedhar Rayaprolu
AU  - Stephen A. Rawlings
AU  - Bjoern Peters
AU  - Florian Krammer
AU  - Viviana Simon
AU  - Erica Ollmann Saphire
AU  - Davey M. Smith
AU  - Daniela Weiskopf
AU  - Alessandro Sette
AU  - Shane Crotty
TI  - Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to eight months after infection
AID  - 10.1101/2020.11.15.383323
DP  - 2020 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2020.11.15.383323
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/18/2020.11.15.383323.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/18/2020.11.15.383323.full
AB  - Understanding immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 is critical for improving diagnostics and vaccines, and for assessing the likely future course of the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed multiple compartments of circulating immune memory to SARS-CoV-2 in 254 samples from 188 COVID-19 cases, including 43 samples at ≥ 6 months post-infection. IgG to the Spike protein was relatively stable over 6+ months. Spike-specific memory B cells were more abundant at 6 months than at 1 month post symptom onset. SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells declined with a half-life of 3-5 months. By studying antibody, memory B cell, CD4+ T cell, and CD8+ T cell memory to SARS-CoV-2 in an integrated manner, we observed that each component of SARS-CoV-2 immune memory exhibited distinct kinetics.Competing Interest StatementA.S. is a consultant for Gritstone, Flow Pharma, Merck, Epitogenesis, Gilead and Avalia. S.C. is a consultant for Avalia. LJI has filed for patent protection for various aspects of T cell epitope and vaccine design work. Mount Sinai has licensed serological assays to commercial entities and has filed for patent protection for serological assays. D.S., F.A., V.S. and F.K. are listed as inventors on the pending patent application (F.K., V.S.), and Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that name F.K. as inventor. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.