PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Yang Guo AU - Ze-Yan Yu AU - Jianxin Wu AU - Hutao Gong AU - Scott Kesteven AU - Siiri E. Iismaa AU - Andrea Y. Chan AU - Sara Holman AU - Silvia Pinto AU - Andy Pironet AU - Charles D. Cox AU - Robert M. Graham AU - Rudi Vennekens AU - Michael P. Feneley AU - Boris Martinac TI - The Ca<sup>2+</sup>-activated cation channel TRPM4 is a positive regulator of pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy AID - 10.1101/2020.12.21.423727 DP - 2020 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 2020.12.21.423727 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/21/2020.12.21.423727.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2020/12/21/2020.12.21.423727.full AB - Pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a consequence of pressure overload caused by systemic hypertension or aortic stenosis and is a strong predictor of cardiac failure and mortality. Understanding the molecular pathways in the development of pathological LVH may lead to more effective treatment. Here, we show that the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily melastatin 4 (TRPM4) ion channel is an important contributor to the mechanosensory transduction of pressure overload that induces LVH. In mice with pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for two weeks, cardiomyocyte TRPM4 expression was reduced, as compared to control mice. Cardiomyocyte-specific TRPM4 inactivation reduced by ~50% the degree of TAC-induced LVH, as compared with wild type (WT). In WT mice, TAC activated the CaMKIIδ-HDAC4-MEF2A but not the calcineurin-NFAT-GATA4 pathway. In TRPM4 knock-out mice, activation of the CaMKIIδ-HDAC4-MEF2A pathway by TAC was significantly reduced. However, consistent with a reduction in the known inhibitory effect of CaMKIIδ on calcineurin activity, reduction in the CaMKIIδ-HDAC4-MEF2A pathway was associated with partial activation of the calcineurin-NFAT-GATA4 pathway. These findings indicate that the TRPM4 channel and its cognate signalling pathway are potential novel therapeutic targets for the prevention of pathological pressure overload-induced LVH.Significance statement Pathological left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) occurs in response to pressure overload and remains the single most important clinical predictor of cardiac mortality. Preventing pressure overload LVH is a major goal of therapeutic intervention. Current treatments aim to remove the stimulus for LVH by lowering elevated blood pressure or replacing a stenotic aortic valve. However, neither of these interventions completely reverses adverse cardiac remodelling. Although numerous molecular signalling steps in the induction of LVH have been identified, the initial step by which mechanical stretch associated with cardiac pressure overload is converted into a chemical signal that initiates hypertrophic signalling, remains unresolved. Here, we demonstrate that the TRPM4 channel is a component of the mechanosensory transduction pathway that ultimately leads to LVH.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.