RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Projecting ancient ancestry in modern-day Arabians and Iranians: a key role of the past exposed Arabo-Persian Gulf on human migrations
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2021.02.24.432678
DO 10.1101/2021.02.24.432678
A1 Joana C. Ferreira
A1 Farida Alshamali
A1 Francesco Montinaro
A1 Bruno Cavadas
A1 Antonio Torroni
A1 Luisa Pereira
A1 Alessandro Raveane
A1 Veronica Fernandes
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/02/25/2021.02.24.432678.abstract
AB Arabian Peninsula is strategic for investigations centred on the structuring of the modern human population in the three main groups, in the awake of the out-of-Africa migration. Despite the poor climatic conditions for recovery of ancient DNA human evidence in Arabia, the availability of genomic data from neighbouring ancient specimens and of informative statistical tools allow better modelling the ancestry of these populations. We applied this approach to a dataset of 741,000 variants screened in 291 Arabians and 78 Iranians, and obtained insightful evidence. The west-east axis was a strong forcer of population structure in the Peninsula, and, more importantly, there were clear continuums throughout time linking west Arabia with Levant, and east Arabia with Iran and Caucasus. East Arabians also displayed the highest levels of the basal Eurasian lineage of all tested modern-day populations, a signal that was maintained even after correcting for possible bias due to recent sub-Saharan African input in their genomes. Not surprisingly, east Arabians were also the ones with higher similarity with Iberomaurusians, who were so far the best proxy for the basal Eurasians amongst the known ancient specimens. The basal Eurasian lineage is the signature of ancient non-Africans that diverged from the common European-East Asian pool before 50 thousand years ago, and before the later interbred with Neanderthals. Our results are strong evidence to include the exposed basin of the Arabo-Persian Gulf as possible home of basal Eurasians, to be investigated further on namely by searching ancient Arabian human specimens.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.