RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 To group or not to group: group size dynamics and intestinal parasites in Indian peafowl populations
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2020.01.03.893503
DO 10.1101/2020.01.03.893503
A1 Priyanka Dange
A1 Pranav Mhaisalkar
A1 Dhanashree Paranjpe
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/03/20/2020.01.03.893503.abstract
AB Animals can form groups for various reasons including safety from predators, access to potential mates and benefits of allo-parental care. However, there are costs associated with living in a group such as competition for food and/or mates with other members of the group, higher chances of disease transmission, etc. Group size dynamics can change with the biotic and abiotic environment around individuals. In the current study, we explored the links between group size dynamics and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl (Pavo cristatus) in the context of seasons and food provisioning. Data for group size was collected across three seasons (Pre-Monsoon, Monsoon and Post-Monsoon) at three field sites (Morachi Chincholi, Nashik and Rajasthan). Individual and group sightings of peafowl were noted down along with group size and composition (no. of males, females, adults, juveniles, sub-adults). Faecal samples were collected from food provision and non-provision areas across the same three seasons at same field sites. Parasite load in the samples was quantified using microscopic examination. Group size was significantly higher in Pre-Monsoon season as compared to Monsoon and Post-Monsoon seasons. Monsoon and Post-Monsoon seasons had higher intestinal parasite prevalence and load as compared to Pre-Monsoon season. Thus, group size and intestinal parasites of Indian peafowl have an inverse relationship across seasons. Parasite load was significantly greater at food provision sites as compared to non-provision sites while parasite prevalence was comparable. Aggregation of individuals at the food provision sites may influence the parasite transmission and group-size dynamics in Indian peafowl. In conclusion, Indian peafowl are behaviourally plastic and fission-fusion of social groups may allow them to tackle ecological pressures such as predation and parasite transmission in different seasons.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.