RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Epigenetic predictors of maximum lifespan and other life history traits in mammals JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2021.05.16.444078 DO 10.1101/2021.05.16.444078 A1 C.Z. Li A1 A. Haghani A1 T.R. Robeck A1 D. Villar A1 A.T. Lu A1 J. Zhang A1 C.G. Faulkes A1 H. Vu A1 J. Ablaeva A1 D.M. Adams A1 R. Ardehali A1 A. Arneson A1 C.S. Baker A1 K. Belov A1 D.T. Blumstein A1 E.K. Bors A1 C.E. Breeze A1 R.T. Brooke A1 J.L. Brown A1 A. Caulton A1 J.M. Cavin A1 I. Chatzistamou A1 H. Chen A1 P. Chiavellini A1 O.W. Choi A1 S. Clarke A1 J. DeYoung A1 C.K. Emmons A1 S. Emmrich A1 Z. Fei A1 S.H. Ferguson A1 C.J. Finno A1 J.E. Flower A1 J.M. Gaillard A1 E. Garde A1 V.N. Gladyshev A1 R.G. Goya A1 M.B. Hanson A1 M. Haulena A1 K. Herrick A1 A.N. Hogan A1 C.J. Hogg A1 T.A. Hore A1 A.J. Jasinska A1 G. Jones A1 E. Jourdain A1 O. Kashpur A1 H. Katcher A1 E. Katsumata A1 V. Kaza A1 H. Kiaris A1 M.S. Kobor A1 P. Kordowitzki A1 W.R. Koski A1 B. Larison A1 S.G. Lee A1 M. Lehmann A1 J.F. Lemaitre A1 A.J. Levine A1 C. Li A1 X. Li A1 D.T.S. Lin A1 D.M. Lindemann A1 N. Macoretta A1 D. Maddox A1 C.O. Matkin A1 J.A. Mattison A1 J. Mergl A1 J.J. Meudt A1 G.A. Montano A1 K. Mozhui A1 A. Naderi A1 M. Nagy A1 P. Narayan A1 P.W. Nathanielsz A1 N.B. Nguyen A1 C. Niehrs A1 D.T. Odom A1 A.G. Ophir A1 E.A. Ostrander A1 P. O’Tierney Ginn A1 K.M. Parsons A1 K.C. Paul A1 M. Pellegrini A1 G.M. Pinho A1 J. Plassais A1 N.A. Prado A1 B. Rey A1 B.R. Ritz A1 J. Robbins A1 M. Rodriguez A1 J. Russell A1 E. Rydkina A1 L.L. Sailer A1 A.B. Salmon A1 A. Sanghavi A1 K.M. Schachtschneider A1 D. Schmitt A1 L. Schomacher A1 L.B. Schook A1 K.E. Sears A1 A.W. Seifert A1 A.V. Shindyapina A1 K. Singh A1 I. Sinha A1 R.G. Snell A1 E. Soltanmohammadi A1 M.L. Spangler A1 M. Spriggs A1 K.J. Steinman A1 V.J. Sugrue A1 B. Szladovits A1 M. Takasugi A1 E.C. Teeling A1 B. Van Bonn A1 S.C. Vernes A1 H.V. Vinters A1 M.C. Wallingford A1 N. Wang A1 G.S. Wilkinson A1 R.W. Williams A1 X.W. Yang A1 B.G. Young A1 B. Zhang A1 Z. Zhang A1 P. Zhao A1 Y. Zhao A1 W. Zhou A1 J.A. Zoller A1 J. Ernst A1 A. Seluanov A1 K. Raj A1 V. Gorbunova A1 S. Horvath A1 MAMMALIAN METHYLATION CONSORTIUM YR 2021 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/05/18/2021.05.16.444078.abstract AB Maximum lifespan of a species is the oldest that individuals can survive, reflecting the genetic limit of longevity in an ideal environment. Here we report methylation-based models that accurately predict maximum lifespan (r=0.89), gestational time (r=0.96), and age at sexual maturity (r=0.87), using cytosine methylation patterns collected from over 12,000 samples derived from 192 mammalian species. Our epigenetic maximum lifespan predictor corroborated the extended lifespan in growth hormone receptor knockout mice and rapamycin treated mice. Across dog breeds, epigenetic maximum lifespan correlates positively with breed lifespan but negatively with breed size. Lifespan-related cytosines are located in transcriptional regulatory regions, such as bivalent chromatin promoters and polycomb-repressed regions, which were hypomethylated in long-lived species. The epigenetic estimators of maximum lifespan and other life history traits will be useful for characterizing understudied species and for identifying interventions that extend lifespan.Competing Interest StatementSH is a founder of the non-profit Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation which plans to license several patents from his employer UC Regents. These patents list SH, AA, and JE as inventors. Robert T. Brooke is the Executive Director of the Epigenetic Clock Development Foundation. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.