RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 ABO blood group is involved in the quality of the specific immune response
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2021.05.23.445114
DO 10.1101/2021.05.23.445114
A1 Sergio Gil-Manso
A1 Iria Miguens Blanco
A1 Bruce Motyka
A1 Anne Halpin
A1 Rocio Lopez-Esteban
A1 Veronica A. Perez-Fernandez
A1 Diego Carbonell
A1 Luis Andrés López-Fernández
A1 Lori West
A1 Rafael Correa-Rocha
A1 Marjorie Pion
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/05/24/2021.05.23.445114.abstract
AB Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has spread throughout the world. To eradicate it, it is crucial to acquire a strong and long-lasting anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity, by either natural infection or vaccination. We collected blood samples 12–305 days after positive polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) from 35 recovered individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2-derived peptide pools, such as the Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N), and Membrane (M) proteins, and we quantified anti-S immunoglobulins in plasma. After 10 months post-infection, we observed a sustained SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ T-cell response directed against M-protein, but responses against S- or N-proteins were lost over time. Besides, we demonstrated that A-group individuals presented significantly higher frequencies of specific CD4+ T-cell responses against Pep-M than O-group individuals. The A-group subjects also needed longer to clear the virus and they lost cellular immune responses over time, compared to the O-group individuals, who showed a persistent specific immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the S-specific immune response was lost over time, and individual factors determine the sustainability of the body’s defences, which must be considered in the future design of vaccines to achieve continuous anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity.Summary This work describes that cellular responses against SARS-CoV-2 M-protein can be detected after 10 months but were lost against S- and N-proteins. Moreover, the individual factors; ABO-group and age influence the sustainability of the specific humoral and cellular immunity against SARS-CoV-2.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.