RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Varenicline Prevents SARS-CoV-2 Infection In Vitro and in Rhesus Macaques
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2021.06.29.450426
DO 10.1101/2021.06.29.450426
A1 Jeffrey Nau
A1 Priya Luthra
A1 Kathleen Lanzer
A1 Frank Szaba
A1 Tres Cookenham
A1 Eric Carlson
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/06/30/2021.06.29.450426.abstract
AB Background SARS-CoV-2 infections have resulted in a global pandemic, but an antiviral therapy for this novel strain of coronavirus does not currently exist. The objective of our study was to investigate the antiviral potential of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nACHR) agonist varenicline tartrate against SARS-CoV-2.Methods We assessed antiviral activity using in vitro human cell assays and we assessed in vivo efficacy in a rhesus macaque model.Results In vitro studies found that varenicline tartrate, over a range of concentrations, reduced the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 wildtype, alpha, and beta variants in Calu-3 cells and Caco-2 cells, with maintenance of cell viability. In vivo studies found that varenicline tartrate, administered as a nasal spray to rhesus macaques, reduced SARS-CoV-2 wildtype viral load and inhibited viral replication in the nasal mucosa and upper airway.Conclusion Although the study reported here was exploratory, we have confirmed that the nAChR agonist varenicline has the potential to interact with and inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.