RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Developmental coupling of cerebral blood flow and fMRI fluctuations in youth
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2021.07.28.454179
DO 10.1101/2021.07.28.454179
A1 Erica B. Baller
A1 Alessandra M. Valcarcel
A1 Azeez Adebimpe
A1 Aaron Alexander-Bloch
A1 Zaixu Cui
A1 Ruben C. Gur
A1 Raquel E. Gur
A1 Bart L. Larsen
A1 Kristin A. Linn
A1 Carly M. O’Donnell
A1 Adam R. Pines
A1 Armin Raznahan
A1 David. R. Roalf
A1 Valerie J. Sydnor
A1 Tinashe M. Tapera
A1 M. Dylan Tisdall
A1 Simon Vandekar
A1 Cedric H. Xia
A1 John A. Detre
A1 Russell T. Shinohara
A1 Theodore D. Satterthwaite
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/07/29/2021.07.28.454179.abstract
AB To support brain development during youth, the brain must balance energy delivery and consumption. Previous studies in adults have demonstrated high coupling between cerebral blood flow and brain function as measured using functional neuroimaging, but how this relationship evolves over adolescence is unknown. To address this gap, we studied a sample of 831 children and adolescents (478 females, ages 8-22) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort who were scanned at 3T with both arterial spin labeled (ASL) MRI and resting-state functional MRI (fMRI). Local coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF, from ASL) and the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF, from fMRI) was first quantified using locally weighted regressions on the cortical surface. We then used generalized additive models to evaluate how CBF-ALFF coupling was associated with age, sex, and executive function. Enrichment of effects within canonical functional networks was evaluated using spin-based permutation tests. Our analyses revealed tight CBF-ALFF coupling across the brain. Whole-brain CBF-ALFF coupling decreased with age, largely driven by coupling decreases in the inferior frontal cortex, precuneus, visual cortex, and temporoparietal cortex (pfdr <0.05). Females had stronger coupling in the frontoparietal network than males (pfdr <0.05). Better executive function was associated with decreased coupling in the somatomotor network (pfdr <0.05). Overall, we found that CBF-ALFF coupling evolves in development, differs by sex, and is associated with individual differences in executive function. Future studies will investigate relationships between maturational changes in CBF-ALFF coupling and the presence of psychiatric symptoms in youth.SIGNIFICANCE The functions of the human brain are metabolically expensive and reliant on coupling between cerebral blood flow and neural activity. Previous neuroimaging studies in adults demonstrate tight physiology-function coupling, but how this coupling evolves over development is unknown. Here, we examine the relationship between blood flow as measured by arterial spin labeling and the amplitude of low frequency fluctuations from resting-state magnetic resonance imaging across a large sample of youth. We demonstrate regionally specific changes in coupling over age and show that variations in coupling are related to biological sex and executive function. Our results highlight the importance of CBF-ALFF coupling throughout development; we discuss its potential as a future target for the study of neuropsychiatric diseases.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.