TY - JOUR T1 - Codiversification of gut microbiota with humans JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2021.10.12.462973 SP - 2021.10.12.462973 AU - Taichi A. Suzuki AU - Liam Fitzstevens AU - Victor T. Schmidt AU - Hagay Enav AU - Kelsey Huus AU - Mirabeau Mbong AU - Bayode R. Adegbite AU - Jeannot F. Zinsou AU - Meral Esen AU - Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan AU - Ayola A. Adegnika AU - Le Huu Song AU - Timothy D. Spector AU - Amanda L. Muehlbauer AU - Nina Marchi AU - Ran Blekhman AU - Laure Ségurel AU - Nicholas D. Youngblut AU - Peter Kremsner AU - Ruth E. Ley Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/10/13/2021.10.12.462973.abstract N2 - Some gut microbes have cospeciated with hominids, but whether they further codiversified with human populations is unclear. Here, we identify predominant gut microbial species sharing a parallel evolutionary history with human populations. Patterns of strain transfer between populations are generally consistent with an African origin, and suggest long-term vertical transmission over thousands of generations. We show the same strains also faithfully transmit between mothers and their children. Consistent with the development of intimate symbiosis, species with strongest patterns of codiversification have the smallest genomes. This study reveals long-term fidelity of gut microbiota with human populations through transmission among individuals living in close proximity. Dominance of specific strains in different populations is based in part on vertical transmission and they may provide population-specific health benefits.One-sentence summary Identification of gut microbes that codiversified with human populations.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. ER -