RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Control of Parallel Hippocampal Output Pathways by Amygdalar Long-Range Inhibition JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2021.03.08.434367 DO 10.1101/2021.03.08.434367 A1 Rawan AlSubaie A1 Ryan W S Wee A1 Anne Ritoux A1 Karyna Mishchanchuk A1 Jessica Passlack A1 Daniel Regester A1 Andrew F MacAskill YR 2021 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/10/15/2021.03.08.434367.abstract AB Projections from the basal amygdala (BA) to the ventral hippocampus (vH) are proposed to provide information about the rewarding or threatening nature of learned associations to support appropriate goal-directed and anxiety-like behaviour. Such behaviour occurs via the differential activity of multiple, parallel populations of pyramidal neurons in vH that project to distinct downstream targets, but the nature of BA input and how it connects with these populations is unclear. Using channelrhodopsin-2-assisted circuit mapping in mice, we show that BA input to vH consists of both excitatory and inhibitory projections. Excitatory input specifically targets BA- and nucleus accumbens-projecting vH neurons, and avoids prefrontal cortex-projecting vH neurons; while inhibitory input preferentially targets BA-projecting neurons. Through this specific connectivity, BA inhibitory projections gate place-value associations by controlling the activity of nucleus accumbens-projecting vH neurons. Our results define a parallel excitatory and inhibitory projection from BA to vH that can support goal-directed behaviour.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.