TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale geography survey provides insights into the colonization history of a major aphid pest on its cultivated apple host in Europe, North America and North Africa JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2020.12.11.421644 SP - 2020.12.11.421644 AU - S.G. Olvera-Vazquez AU - C. Remoué AU - A. Venon AU - A. Rousselet AU - O. Grandcolas AU - M. Azrine AU - L. Momont AU - M. Galan AU - L. Benoit AU - G. M. David AU - A. Alhmedi AU - T. Beliën AU - G. Alins AU - P. Franck AU - A. Haddioui AU - S.K. Jacobsen AU - R. Andreev AU - S. Simon AU - L. Sigsgaard AU - E. Guibert AU - L. Tournant AU - F. Gazel AU - K. Mody AU - Y. Khachtib AU - A. Roman AU - T.M. Ursu AU - I.A. Zakharov AU - H. Belcram AU - M. Harry AU - M. Roth AU - J.C. Simon AU - S. Oram AU - J.M. Ricard AU - A. Agnello AU - E. H. Beers AU - J. Engelman AU - I. Balti AU - A. Salhi-Hannachi AU - H. Zhang AU - H. Tu AU - C. Mottet AU - B. Barrès AU - A. Degrave AU - J. Razmjou AU - T. Giraud AU - M. Falque AU - E. Dapena AU - M. Miñarro AU - L. Jardillier AU - P. Deschamps AU - E. Jousselin AU - A. Cornille Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/10/25/2020.12.11.421644.abstract N2 - With frequent host shifts involving the colonization of new hosts across large geographical ranges, crop pests are good models for examining the mechanisms of rapid colonization. The microbial partners of pest insects may also be involved in or affected by colonization processes, which has been little studied so far. We investigated the demographic history of the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea, a major pest of the cultivated apple (Malus domestica) in Europe, North Africa and North America, as well as the diversity of its microbiota. We genotyped a comprehensive sample of 714 colonies from Europe, Morocco and the US using mitochondrial (CytB and CO1), bacterial (16s rRNA and TrnpB), and 30 microsatellite markers. We detected five populations spread across the US, Morocco, Western and Eastern Europe and Spain. Populations showed weak genetic differentiation and high genetic diversity, except the ones from Morocco and North America that are likely the result of recent colonization events. Coalescent-based inferences revealed high levels of gene flow among populations during the colonization but did not allow determining the sequence of colonization of Europe, North America and Morroco by D. plantaginea, likely because of the weak genetic differentiation and the occurrence of gene flow among populations. We found that D. plantaginea rarely hosts other endosymbiotic bacteria than its obligate nutritional symbiont Buchnera aphidicola. This suggests that secondary endosymbionts did not play an important role in the rapid spread of the rosy apple aphid. These findings have fundamental importance for understanding pest colonization processes and implications for sustainable pest control programs.Competing Interest StatementThe authors of this preprint declare that they have no financial conflict of interest with the content of this article. Amandine Cornille, Tatiana Giraud, Emmanuelle Jousselin, and Jean-Christophe Simon are PCI Evolutionary Ecology Biology recommenders. Tatiana Giraud is a member of the managing board of PCI Evolutionary Biology. ER -