TY - JOUR T1 - Multilevel neural gradients reflect transdiagnostic effects of major psychiatric conditions on cortical morphology JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2021.10.29.466434 SP - 2021.10.29.466434 AU - Bo-yong Park AU - Valeria Kebets AU - Sara Larivière AU - Meike D. Hettwer AU - Casey Paquola AU - Daan van Rooij AU - Jan Buitelaar AU - Barbara Franke AU - Martine Hoogman AU - Lianne Schmaal AU - Dick J. Veltman AU - Odile van den Heuvel AU - Dan J. Stein AU - Ole A. Andreassen AU - Christopher R. K. Ching AU - Jessica Turner AU - Theo G. M. van Erp AU - Alan C. Evans AU - Alain Dagher AU - Sophia I. Thomopoulos AU - Paul M. Thompson AU - Sofie L. Valk AU - Matthias Kirschner AU - Boris C. Bernhardt Y1 - 2021/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/02/2021.10.29.466434.abstract N2 - It is increasingly recognized that multiple psychiatric conditions are underpinned by shared neural pathways, affecting similar brain systems. Here, we assessed i) shared dimensions of alterations in cortical morphology across six major psychiatric conditions (autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia) and ii) carried out a multiscale neural contextualization, by cross-referencing shared anomalies against cortical myeloarchitecture and cytoarchitecture, as well as connectome and neurotransmitter organization. Pooling disease-related effects on MRI-based cortical thickness measures across six ENIGMA working groups, including a total of 28,546 participants (12,876 patients and 15,670 controls), we computed a shared disease dimension on cortical morphology using principal component analysis that described a sensory-fugal pattern with paralimbic regions showing the most consistent abnormalities across conditions. The shared disease dimension was closely related to cortical gradients of microstructure and intrinsic connectivity, as well as neurotransmitter systems, specifically serotonin and dopamine. Our findings embed the shared effects of major psychiatric conditions on brain structure in multiple scales of brain organization and may provide novel insights into neural mechanisms into transdiagnostic vulnerability.Competing Interest StatementOle A. Andreassen received speaker's honorarium from Lundbeck and Sunovion, Consultant to HealthLytix. Paul M. Thompson received grant support from Biogen, Inc., and consulting payments from Kairos Venture Capital, for work unrelated to the current manuscript. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest. ER -