PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Ling Bai
AU  - Nilla Sivakumar
AU  - Sheyda Mesgarzadeh
AU  - Tom Ding
AU  - Truong Ly
AU  - Timothy V. Corpuz
AU  - James C.R. Grove
AU  - Brooke C. Jarvie
AU  - Zachary A. Knight
TI  - Enteroendocrine cell types that drive food reward and aversion
AID  - 10.1101/2021.11.05.467492
DP  - 2021 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 2021.11.05.467492
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/07/2021.11.05.467492.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/07/2021.11.05.467492.full
AB  - Animals must learn through experience which foods are nutritious and should be consumed, and which are toxic and should be avoided. Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are the principal chemosensors in the GI tract, but investigation of their role in behavior has been limited by the difficulty of selectively targeting these cells in vivo. Here we describe an intersectional genetic approach for manipulating EEC subtypes in behaving mice. We show that multiple EEC subtypes inhibit food intake but have different effects on learning. Conditioned flavor preference is driven by release of cholecystokinin whereas conditioned taste aversion is mediated by serotonin and substance P. These positive and negative valence signals are transmitted by vagal and spinal afferents, respectively. These findings establish a cellular basis for how chemosensing in the gut drives learning about food.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.