RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 The TFIIH Complex is Required to Establish and Maintain Mitotic Chromosome Structure
JF bioRxiv
FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
SP 2021.11.06.467569
DO 10.1101/2021.11.06.467569
A1 Julian Haase
A1 Richard Chen
A1 Mary Kate Bonner
A1 Lisa M. Miller Jenkins
A1 Alexander E. Kelly
YR 2021
UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/07/2021.11.06.467569.abstract
AB Condensins compact chromosomes to promote their equal segregation during mitosis, but the mechanism of condensin engagement with and action on chromatin is incompletely understood. Here, we show that the general transcription factor TFIIH complex is continuously required to establish and maintain a compacted chromosome structure in transcriptionally silent Xenopus egg extracts. Inhibiting the DNA-dependent ATPase activity of the TFIIH complex subunit XPB prevents the enrichment of condensins I and II, but not topoisomerase II, on chromatin. In addition, TFIIH inhibition reversibly induces a complete loss of chromosome structure within minutes, prior to the loss of condensins from chromatin. Reducing nucleosome density through partial histone depletion restores chromosome structure and condensin enrichment in the absence of TFIIH activity. We propose that the TFIIH complex promotes mitotic chromosome condensation by dynamically altering chromatin structure to facilitate condensin loading and condensin-dependent loop extrusion.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.