PT - JOURNAL ARTICLE AU - Mehrabi, Pedram AU - von Stetten, David AU - Leimkohl, Jan-Philipp AU - Tellkamp, Friedjof AU - Schulz, Eike C. TI - An environmental control box for serial crystallography enables multi-dimensional experiments AID - 10.1101/2021.11.07.467596 DP - 2021 Jan 01 TA - bioRxiv PG - 2021.11.07.467596 4099 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/08/2021.11.07.467596.short 4100 - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/08/2021.11.07.467596.full AB - We present a new environmental enclosure for fixed-target, serial crystallography enabling full control of both the temperature and humidity. While maintaining the relative humidity to within a percent, this enclosure provides access to X-ray diffraction experiments in a wide temperature range from below 10 °C to above 80 °C. Coupled with the LAMA method, time-resolved serial crystallography experiments can now be carried out at truly physiological temperatures, providing fundamentally new insight into protein function. Using the hyperthermophile enzyme xylose isomerase, we demonstrate changes in the electron density as a function of increasing temperature and time. This method provides the necessary tools to successfully carry out multi-dimensional serial crystallography.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.