RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Using child-friendly movie stimuli to study the development of face, place, and object regions from age 3 to 12 years JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2021.11.29.469598 DO 10.1101/2021.11.29.469598 A1 Kamps, Frederik S. A1 Richardson, Hilary A1 Ratan Murty, N. Apurva A1 Kanwisher, Nancy A1 Saxe, Rebecca YR 2021 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/11/30/2021.11.29.469598.abstract AB Scanning young children while watching short, engaging, commercially-produced movies has emerged as a promising approach for increasing data retention and quality. Movie stimuli also evoke a richer variety of cognitive processes than traditional experiments – allowing the study of multiple aspects of brain development simultaneously. However, because these stimuli are uncontrolled, it is unclear how effectively distinct profiles of brain activity can be distinguished from the resulting data. Here we develop an approach for identifying multiple distinct subject-specific Regions of Interest (ssROIs) using fMRI data collected during movie-viewing. We focused on the test case of higher-level visual regions selective for faces, scenes, and objects. Adults (N=13) were scanned while viewing a 5.5 minute child-friendly movie, as well as a traditional experiment with isolated faces, scenes, and objects. We found that just 2.7 minutes of movie data could identify subject-specific face, scene, and object regions. While successful, the movie approach was still less effective than a traditional localizer. Having validated our approach in adults, we then used the same methods on movie data collected from 3–12-year-old children (N=122). Movie response timecourses in 3-year-old children’s face, scene, and object regions were already significantly and specifically predicted by timecourses from the corresponding regions in adults. We also found evidence of continued developmental change, particularly in the face-selective posterior superior temporal sulcus. Taken together, our results reveal both early maturity and functional change in face, scene, and object regions, and more broadly highlight the promise of short, child-friendly movies for developmental cognitive neuroscience.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.