RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Population coding and oscillatory subspace synchronization integrate context into actions JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2021.12.17.473118 DO 10.1101/2021.12.17.473118 A1 Jan Weber A1 Anne-Kristin Solbakk A1 Alejandro O. Blenkmann A1 Anais Llorens A1 Ingrid Funderud A1 Sabine Leske A1 Pål Gunnar Larsson A1 Jugoslav Ivanovic A1 Robert T. Knight A1 Tor Endestad A1 Randolph F. Helfrich YR 2021 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2021/12/17/2021.12.17.473118.abstract AB Contextual cues and prior evidence guide human goal-directed behavior. To date, the neurophysiological mechanisms that implement contextual priors to guide subsequent actions remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that increasing behavioral uncertainty introduces a shift from an oscillatory to a continuous processing mode in human prefrontal cortex. At the population level, we found that oscillatory and continuous dynamics reflect dissociable signatures that support distinct aspects of encoding, transmission and execution of context-dependent action plans. We show that prefrontal population activity encodes predictive context and action plans in serially unfolding orthogonal subspaces, while prefrontal-motor theta oscillations synchronize action-encoding population subspaces to mediate the hand-off of action plans. Collectively, our results reveal how two key features of large-scale population activity, namely continuous population trajectories and oscillatory synchrony, operate in concert to guide context-dependent human behavior.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.