TY - JOUR T1 - Opponent control of behavior by dorsomedial striatal pathways depends on task demands and internal state JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/2021.07.23.453573 SP - 2021.07.23.453573 AU - Scott S. Bolkan AU - Iris R. Stone AU - Lucas Pinto AU - Zoe C. Ashwood AU - Jorge M. Iravedra Garcia AU - Alison L. Herman AU - Priyanka Singh AU - Akhil Bandi AU - Julia Cox AU - Christopher A. Zimmerman AU - Jounhong Ryan Cho AU - Ben Engelhard AU - Jonathan W. Pillow AU - Ilana B. Witten Y1 - 2022/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/01/10/2021.07.23.453573.abstract N2 - A classic view of the striatum holds that activity in direct and indirect pathways oppositely modulates motor output. Whether this involves direct control of movement, or reflects a cognitive process underlying movement, remains unresolved. Here we find that strong, opponent control of behavior by the two pathways of the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) depends on the cognitive requirements of a task. Furthermore, a latent state model (a hidden markov model with generalized linear model observations) reveals that—even within a single task—the contribution of the two pathways to behavior is state-dependent. Specifically, the two pathways have large contributions in one of two states associated with a strategy of evidence accumulation, compared to a state associated with a strategy of repeating previous choices. Thus, both the demands imposed by a task, as well as the internal state of mice when performing a task, determine whether DMS pathways provide strong and opponent control of behavior.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest. ER -