TY - JOUR T1 - Low temperature triggers genome-wide hypermethylation of transposable elements and centromeres in maize JF - bioRxiv DO - 10.1101/573915 SP - 573915 AU - Zeineb Achour AU - Johann Joets AU - Martine Leguilloux AU - Hélène Sellier AU - Jean-Philippe Pichon AU - Magalie Leveugle AU - Hervé Duborjal AU - José Caius AU - Véronique Brunaud AU - Christine Paysant-Le Roux AU - Tristan Mary-Huard AU - Catherine Giauffret AU - Clémentine Vitte Y1 - 2019/01/01 UR - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/03/11/573915.abstract N2 - Characterizing the molecular processes developed by plants to respond to environmental cues is a major task to better understand local adaptation. DNA methylation is a chromatin mark involved in the transcriptional silencing of transposable elements (TEs) and gene expression regulation. While the molecular bases of DNA methylation regulation are now well described, involvement of DNA methylation in plant response to environmental cues remains poorly characterized. Here, using the TE-rich maize genome and analyzing methylome response to prolonged cold at the chromosome and feature scales, we investigate how genomic architecture affects methylome response to stress in a cold-sensitive genotype. Interestingly, we show that cold stress induces a genome-wide methylation increase through the hypermethylation of TE sequences and centromeres. Our work highlights a cytosine context-specific response of TE methylation that depends on TE types, chromosomal location and proximity to genes. The patterns observed can be explained by the parallel transcriptional activation of multiple DNA methylation pathways that methylate TEs in the various chromatin locations where they reside. Our results open new insights into the possible role of genome-wide DNA methylation in phenotypic response to stress. ER -