PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - R. Murugan
TI  - Theory on the looping mediated stochastic propulsion of transcription factors along DNA
AID  - 10.1101/418947
DP  - 2019 Jan 01
TA  - bioRxiv
PG  - 418947
4099  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/03/15/418947.short
4100  - http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2019/03/15/418947.full
AB  - We demonstrate that DNA-loops can stochastically propel the site-specifically bound transcription factors towards the promoters. The gradual release of elastic energy stored on the DNA-loops is the source of propulsion. The speed of looping mediated interaction of transcription factors with promoters is several times faster than the sliding mode. Elastic and entropic energy barriers associated with the looping of DNA actually shape up the distribution of distances between transcription factor binding sites and promoters. The commonly observed multiprotein binding in gene regulation is acquired through evolution to overcome the looping energy barrier. Presence of nucleosomes on the genomic DNA of eukaryotes is required to reduce the entropy barriers associated with the looping.