RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Synergizing exchangeable fluorophore labels for multi-target STED microscopy JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2022.07.02.498450 DO 10.1101/2022.07.02.498450 A1 M. Glogger A1 D. Wang A1 J. Kompa A1 A. Balakrishnan A1 J. Hiblot A1 H.D. Barth A1 K. Johnsson A1 M. Heilemann YR 2022 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/07/03/2022.07.02.498450.abstract AB Investigating the interplay of cellular proteins with optical microscopy requires multi-target labeling. Spectral multiplexing using high-affinity or covalent labels is limited in the number of fluorophores that can be discriminated in a single imaging experiment. Advanced microscopy methods such as STED microscopy additionally demand balanced excitation, depletion and emission wavelengths for all fluorophores, further reducing multiplexing capabilities. Non-covalent, weak-affinity labels bypass this “spectral barrier” through label exchange and sequential imaging of different targets. Here, we combine exchangeable HaloTag ligands, weak-affinity DNA hybridization and hydrophophic and protein-peptide interactions to increase labeling flexibility and demonstrate 6-target STED microscopy in single cells. We further show that exchangeable labels reduce photobleaching, facilitate long acquisition times and multi-color live-cell and high-fidelity 3D STED microscopy. The synergy of different types of exchangeable labels increase the multiplexing capabilities in fluorescence microscopy, and by that, the information content of microscopy images.Competing Interest StatementJ.K., J.H. and K.J. are listed as inventors for the patent nrHTL: Non covalent Halotag ligands filed by the Max Planck Society and related to the present work.