RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Activity in primate visual cortex is minimally driven by spontaneous movements JF bioRxiv FD Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory SP 2022.09.08.507006 DO 10.1101/2022.09.08.507006 A1 Bharath C. Talluri A1 Incheol Kang A1 Adam Lazere A1 Katrina R. Quinn A1 Nicholas Kaliss A1 Jacob L. Yates A1 Daniel A. Butts A1 Hendrikje Nienborg YR 2022 UL http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2022/09/10/2022.09.08.507006.abstract AB Organisms process sensory information in the context of their own moving bodies, an idea referred to as embodiment. This idea is important for developmental neuroscience, and increasingly plays a role in robotics and systems neuroscience. The mechanisms that support such embodiment are unknown, but a manifestation could be the observation in mice of brain-wide neuromodulation, including in the primary visual cortex, driven by task-irrelevant spontaneous body movements. Here we tested this hypothesis in macaque monkeys, a primate model for human vision, by simultaneously recording visual cortex activity and facial and body movements. Activity in the visual cortex (V1, V2, V3/V3A) was associated with the animals’ own movements, but this modulation was largely explained by the impact of the movements on the retinal image. These results suggest that embodiment in primate vision may be realized by input provided by the eyes themselves.Competing Interest StatementThe authors have declared no competing interest.